A Review of Load Balancing Spectrum Decision for Cognitive Radio Network

The scarcity of spectrum is increasing day by day due to the spectrum scarcity faced by the wireless based service providers led to high congestion levels. The main reason that leads to inefficient utilization of the radio spectrum is the spectrum licensing system itself. Due to this static and rigid allocation, wireless systems have to work only on a dedicated band of spectrum and cannot change the transmission band as changing the environment. To address these critical problems, the FCC recently approved the use of unlicensed devices in licensed bands. Consequently, dynamic spectrum access techniques based on Load balancing are proposed to solve these current spectrum inefficiency problems. In Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) during the transmission period of a secondary connection, multiple and frequent requirement from the primary users result in multiple channel requests and the need of determining a set of target channels for spectrum utilization. In this work a suitable load balancing scheme has been proposed whose aim is to help cognitive user to find suitable channel in case of overload so as to enable the resumption of unfinished transmission as quickly as possible. The simulation results of the proposed scheme show that the model works well in reducing channel overload thereby reducing delay time in Cognitive Radio Networks. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________